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“Creative Economy” is a recently coined expression.
Most of the studies and papers on this subject, often
referred to as the “Knowledge Economy”, were
conducted or published in the last 5 years.
The range of the expression “Creative Economy”
depends on different interpretations that exist in different
countries and organizations. Nonetheless, the first
definition was developed by British writer John Howkins
in the book “The Creative Economy”, published
in 2001. According to Howkins’ definition, the
various activities that comprise this economy have one
thing in common: they are the results of individuals
using their imagination and exploring (or protecting
themselves from others doing so) the related economic
value.
Within this context, still according to the author
referred to above, there are various forms of intellectual
property, of which the more common are:
- Copyrights
- Patents
- Trademarks
- Design
Copyright laws encompass individuals’ creative
expressions. Initially, the laws referred to literary
activities. However, new categories were included along
the years, such as films and recorded music. Likewise,
some categories were subdivided into other categories.
To exemplify, literature copyrights nowadays include
computer programs, because these programs are, in a
certain manner, written material that brings together
specific skills and creativity.
“Just as the currency of the 20th Century’s
corporation was physical goods, the currency of
the 21st Century’s corporation will be ideas.
The Industrial Economy is rapidly giving way to
the Creative Economy. Competitive advantages once
enjoyed by big companies are now available to
startups thanks to an abundance of capital and
the power of the Web.
With globalization still at an early stage,
the Internet promises to affect corporations more
in the next 20 years than it has in the past five.
We expect nothing less than a breathtaking transformation
of the corporation against the backdrop of a global
economy that rewards creativity, innovation, and
speed.”
Stephen
B. Shepard,
Editor-in-Chief, Business Week,
August 28, 2000. |
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